Java is a powerful general-purpose and high-level programming language which is created by Oracle in 1995.
Java is used by more than 3 billion devices so we can say that java is a very popular language. Java can be used to develop many types of applications such as desktop and mobile applications, embedded systems, and big data processing.
The new version of the Java Edition is Java SE 17.0. 2 Several configurations were built to suit different types of platforms because of the evolution of Java and its widespread popularity. For example: J2ME for Mobile Applications and J2EE for Firms Applications.
Java SE, Java EE, and Java ME respectively are the advanced versions of J2. Java programming is guaranteed to be Write Once, Run Anywhere means write just one time and use it anywhere anytime when you need.
You will need the following software to work on Java −
Java is an object-oriented, high-level, platform independent, robust, multitasking, and secure language. Unlike some other languages, java focuses on the use of words and commands instead of just numbers and symbols. Java is very adaptive in nature so it can be used to develop software as well as applets.
It can be used by:
Characteristics of Java-
Java Syntax: -
Java is a case-sensitive and object-oriented programming language so every line of code must be written inside a class. We can give any name to that class but the first letter of a class name should always start with an uppercase.
If we make a class named Main then-
For example:- "Main" and "main" has a different meaning.
We can make a class private or public according to our needs.
Public class Main{
Public static void main(string[ ] args){
System.out.println(“This is my first java program”);
}
}
We use the curly braces {}
marks in the starting and the end of a block of code.
Each program statement must finish with a semicolon(;).
Println() is used to print the text to the screen.
To make Java code more readable and to prevent execution when testing alternative code, we use comments.
Java OOPs concept:
Object: (Instance of class)
An object is any entity that can be manipulated by com0man of programming language, such as value, variable, function, or data structure.
3 properties of objects:
1) Identity - properties of an object that distinguish it from other objects.
2) State - Describe data stored in the object
3) Behaviour - Describe the method in an object's interface by which object can be used.
Class:
It is a collection of objects. it is a logical entity.
class is a blueprint that describes behavior/state of object
eg: class cube
{
public static void main (string arg [])
{
cube obj = new cube(); // create an object of cube
system out println ("volume is :" + obj.volume());
}
int l=10, h=10, h=10;
public int volume()
{return(l*b*h)} }
Inheritance:
the mechanism through which one particular object gets almost all properties and also behavior as well as the parent object
Types of inheritance:
1) single
2) multilevel
3) hierarchical
In java, multiple inheritances and also hybrid inheritance can be recognized by way of the interface only not through the class.
Abstract classes:
A class declared as abstract is called an abstract class.
- Will surely have abstract as well as non-abstract methods with body
- abstract class must be extensive and its method applied. That can't be instantiated (i.e we can not create the object of abstract class)
eg : abstract class A {}
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